Riddance of Weed Using an Agri-Robot Employed by Arduino and ESP32 CAM

Abstract

This article presents the enhancement of a weed detection robot designed to automate the identification and riddance of unwanted vegetation in agricultural fields. The robot integrates a suite of hardware components, including an ultrasonic sensor, Arduino microcontroller, ESP32 CAM, robotic hand, L293D motor driver, battery, power supply module, Bluetooth module, and DC motor for locomotion. The DC motor is utilized to drive the wheels of the robot, enabling it to traverse the agricultural terrain efficiently. The ultrasonic sensor facilitates obstacle detection, ensuring safe navigation through the field while avoiding collisions. Meanwhile, the ESP32 CAM captures visual data of the surroundings, which is processed by machine learning algorithms to identify and classify weeds. Upon identifying weeds, the robotic hand, controlled by the Arduino microcontroller via the L293D motor driver, is deployed to remove the unwanted vegetation. The Arduino microcontroller acts as the central processing unit, orchestrating the operation of all components and executing decision-making algorithms. Additionally, the inclusion of a Bluetooth module enables remote monitoring and control of the robot, providing farmers with real-time updates on weed infestation levels and operational status. The weed detection robot offers a solution for weed management in agriculture and obtained 97% accuracy, promising increased crop yields and reduced labor costs through efficient weed riddance.