Black Phosphorus@Laser‐Engraved Graphene Heterostructure‐Based Temperature–Strain Hybridized Sensor for Electronic‐Skin Applications

摘要

Abstract Smart electronic skin (e‐skin) requires the easy incorporation of multifunctional sensors capable of mimicking skin‐like perception in response to external stimuli. However, efficient and reliable measurement of multiple parameters in a single functional device is limited by the sensor layout and choice of functional materials. The outstanding electrical properties of black phosphorus and laser‐engraved graphene (BP@LEG) demonstrates a new paradigm for a highly sensitive dual‐modal temperature and strain sensor platform to modulate e‐skin sensing functionality. Moreover, the unique hybridized sensor design enables efficient and accurate determination of each parameter without interfering with each other. The cationic polymer passivated BP@LEG composite material on polystyrene‐block‐poly(ethylene‐ran‐butylene)‐block‐polystyrene (SEBS) substrate outperforms as a positive temperature coefficient material, exhibiting a high thermal index of 8106 K (25–50 ° C) with high strain sensitivity (i.e., gauge factor, GF) of up to 2765 ( > 19.2%), ultralow strain resolution of 0.023%, and longer durability ( > 18 400 cycles), satisfying the e‐skin requirements. Looking forward, this technique provides unique opportunities for broader applications, such as e‐skin, robotic appendages, and health monitoring technologies.