Adaptive Smart Power Saving Techniques for Machine-to-Machine Communication-Enabled Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Due to technological advancement and communication technology, the expanded growth of connected devices and vehicles is essential for day-to-day life. The Internet of Things (IoT) will be a key component in next-generation gadgets that will not only be able to sense and report, but also control. The connected world will have a greater impact on our daily lives, whether it is through connected cars, connected devices, robots, building automation systems, or thermostats. To provide control and autonomy for our safety and security, it may be essential to preserve control data and operational instructions. In today’s world, smart homes, smart cities, smart agriculture, government, connected gadgets, security, healthcare, education, public safety, and supply are all a part of normal life. Machine-to-machine communication and the IoT must be deployed soon. Due to their scalability and compact size, sensors and wireless sensor networks are being used in many real-world and IoT applications today. In wireless sensor networks, there are many sensor nodes, but they have limited capabilities when it comes to capturing, processing, and communicating information. On the other hand, the primary batteries that come with them are used to power every component in the sensor nodes. The batteries’ energy is limited, and when they run out, they must be replaced, which drives up the cost of maintenance. Additionally, because a battery’s state of charge is difficult to identify, preventive replacement is required before they actually drain out for important applications. Battery replacement may be prohibitively expensive or perhaps impossible in some other applications. An appropriate material is required to solve these issues and improve the power density efficiency of batteries. To address the aforementioned issues, this chapter offers various battery materials, as well as various methods for energy collection and battery energy conservation.