Enhancing the Electro‐Stimulation Performance of Polyvinyl Chloride Matrix With Nanofillers: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

ABSTRACT Electroactive polymers (EAPs) such as plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) reinforced with nanofillers have emerged as a promising approach for developing soft composite materials or gels with stimuli‐responsive properties. This review explores the integration of highly electro‐stimuli nanofillers, including carbon nanotubes (CNTs), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), ionic liquids (ILs), and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), into the PVC matrix. The strategic incorporation of these nanofillers significantly enhances the electro‐stimuli and mechanical properties of PVC gel composites while maintaining their flexibility and lightweight nature. This paper provides a comprehensive discussion on the roles of nanofillers in PVC composites, including their impact on physicochemical interactions, deformation mechanisms, and actuator performance. Furthermore, it delves into the preparation techniques and critical parameters that influence the structural and functional properties of PVC‐based soft composites. The findings highlight the potential of PVC‐nanofiller composite gels in advanced applications, such as wearable artificial muscles, soft robotics, flexible actuators, adaptive lenses, and biomedical devices. By synthesizing recent advancements in this field, this review underscores the transformative potential of these materials in enabling next‐generation responsive systems.