Sensor management for local obstacle detection in mobile robots

Abstract

In experimental robotics it is common to complement the motion planning algorithm with a local obstacle avoidance module. We are concerned here with the specifications of a range sensor specifically design for the task. Such sensor has special requirements: it has to guarantee detection and response, and it has to guarantee throughput, providing information ail a rate in proportion to robot velocity. An analysis is presented which allows the selection of the sensor requirements for collision avoidance tasks in mobile robots. The design takes into account robot dynamics, it is compatible with fast motion-only the indispensable environment zones are explored-and avoids unnecessary velocity reductions. Experiments show the possibilities and limitations of the approach.