Dynamic Balance and Trajectory Tracking Control of Quadruped Robots Based on Virtual Model Control

Abstract

As for a motion control framework of robots, virtual model control (VMC) can use virtual components to create virtual forces/torques. Actually, the virtual forces/torques are generated by joint actuators when the virtual components interact between robots and environments. In this paper, a virtual model control is proposed to do the dynamic balance control of quadruped robots in trot gait. In each leg, virtual model control includes swing phase control of robots and stance phase counterparts. In whole body, based on the forces/torques distribution method between two stance legs, virtual model control is mainly about the attitude control containing roll, pitch and yaw. Then, an intuitive approach of velocity control is employed for the locomotion of quadruped robots. Based on the velocity planning and control, a trajectory tracking control approach is investigated by considering four factors: terrain complexity index, curvature radius of given trajectory, distance to terminal, and maximum velocity of quadruped robots. Finally, the effectiveness of proposed controllers is validated by co-simulations.