A powerful dual-responsive soft actuator and photo-to-electric generator based on graphene micro-gasbags for bioinspired applications

Abstract

can be achieved for the actuator upon light irradiation for 10 s. Based on this bilayer actuator, diversely biomimetic motions including kicking a ball, grabbing a vegetable leaf, human hand movement, and creeping motion are realized, revealing its potential application in soft robotics, artificial muscles, wearable electronics, and biomedical devices. Besides the mechanical deformation output, a photo-to-electric generator is also assembled by associating this actuator with commonly triboelectric materials, further enriching the application range of soft actuators.