Autonomous robot path planning

摘要

In this thesis we consider the dynamic path planning problem for robotics.The dynamic path planning problem, in short, is the task of determining an optimal path, in terms of minimising a given cost function, from one location to another within a known environment of moving obstacles.Our goal is to investigate a number of well-known path planning algorithms, to determine for which circumstances a particular algorithm is best suited, and to propose changes to existing algorithms to make them perform better in dynamic environments.At this stage no thorough comparison of theoretical and actual running times of path planning algorithms exist.Our main goal is to address this shortcoming by comparing some of the wellknown path planning algorithms and our own improvements to these path planning algorithms in a simulation environment.We show that the visibility graph representation of the environment combined with the A* algorithm provides very good results for both path length and computational cost, for a relatively small number of obstacles.As for a grid representation of the environment, we show that the A* algorithm produces good paths in terms of length and the amount of rotation and it requires less computation than dynamic algorithms such as D* and D* Lite.