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About

Sofia Samoili is a leading researcher in the operational definition and taxonomy of artificial intelligence, with a focus on enabling evidence-based policy monitoring for the European Commission. Her major contribution lies in developing a rigorous, operational definition of AI that serves as the foundational framework for AI Watch, the Commission’s knowledge service tracking AI development, uptake, and impact across Europe. Her most-cited work, “AI WATCH. Defining Artificial Intelligence” (2020), has garnered 132 citations and establishes a clear, actionable definition and taxonomy of AI. She further refined this framework in a subsequent 2020 report (49 citations) and a 2021 update (9 citations), which incorporates recent technological developments to keep the taxonomy current. Together, these publications provide a critical, standardized vocabulary for policymakers, researchers, and industry stakeholders to analyze the AI landscape consistently. Samoili’s work is instrumental in shaping how Europe monitors and governs AI, ensuring that definitions remain precise, adaptable, and aligned with real-world applications. Her research is essential reading for anyone interested in AI policy, standardization, or the intersection of technology and regulation.