Anna Bourgeois

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About

Dr. Anna Bourgeois is a leading figure in noninvasive brain stimulation, with a primary focus on advancing the reliability and precision of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Her most-cited work, the 2020 study "Reliability of robotic transcranial magnetic stimulation motor mapping" (21 citations), represents a landmark contribution to the field. This study was the first to systematically evaluate the short- and long-term reliability of robotic TMS for creating cortical motor maps—personalized representations of the primary motor cortex (M1) topography. By demonstrating that this technique produces stable, reproducible maps, Dr. Bourgeois has provided a critical methodological foundation for using TMS to track developmental and interventional plasticity. Her research bridges the gap between cutting-edge robotics and clinical neuroscience, offering a safer, more precise tool for studying brain reorganization. With her work cited by researchers exploring motor recovery, neurorehabilitation, and brain-computer interfaces, Dr. Bourgeois is shaping how scientists map and understand the human motor cortex, making her a key innovator in the quest for personalized brain stimulation therapies.