Optical Three-Axis Tactile Sensor for Robotic Fingers

Abstract

should be outlined. The LMS was first introduced by Widrow and Hoff In this chapter, will be presented the LMS in its complex form It must be emphasized that the complex signal analyzed is formed by the power system three-phase voltages applying the -Transform The algorithm performance was tested by computer simulations using ATP (Alternative Transients Program) software Some EPS equipment was modelled, including: a synchronous generator with speed governor and voltage control, transmission lines with parameters dependent on the frequency and power transformers. Extreme operational situations were tested in order to observe the behaviour of the proposed technique and validate the obtained results. It must be highlighted that the results of frequency estimation were compared to results of a commercial frequency relay (function 81), and it shows that the adaptive filter theory applied to the digital protection is fast.