IoT based Smart Sensing and Alarming System with Autonomous Guiding Robots for Efficient Fire Emergency Evacuation

Abstract

The Internet of Things based Smart Sensing and Alarm System with Autonomous Guiding Robots for Efficient Fire Emergency Evacuation System was designed and developed to provide immediate monitoring and alerts, allowing for efficient emergency evacuation with robotic assistance. The project includes two types of robots: a robot guide and a robot transporter. The NodeMCU-controlled Vex Navigating Robot directs people to the closest and most appropriate safety exits, while the Remote-Controlled Arduino-based Robot Transporter shuttles restrained or elderly people. The system employs an Internet of Things-based microcontroller to read and process data from sensors that detect temperature, humidity, and the number of people present in each room. This data is sent to the Cloud server and shown in the Blynk Mobile App. When a fire occurs, an alert signal using GSM and GPS technologies is sent to the fire station, the building health and safety team, and the autonomous guiding robot that replaces the Fire Warden, informing them of the incident's location and possible casualties. In this system, the robot system plays an important role in the evacuation process, assisting in the avoidance of delays and the saving of lives. The Autonomous navigating Robot was tested in a Floor plan layout with 9 rooms. The sensing unit was fixed in all rooms and the Robot in front of BS109 is tested with 3 different sources of fire, one in BS108, BS103 and BS 110. The robot successfully chose the appropriate exit path of path2 when the source of fire is in BS103 and BS110 and path1 when source of Fire is BS108. Testing of the algorithm is done with robot in front of Bs104, BS109, BS110 with 3 different source of fire. Transporting Robot is tested with remote controlled unit and is found to successfully transport people up to the weight of 80kgs with less than 2% deviation from its destined angle of travel.