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About

Mikael Laine is at the forefront of advancing non-invasive brain stimulation, with a primary focus on developing and characterizing robotic–electronic platforms for multi-locus transcranial magnetic stimulation (mTMS). His work addresses a critical bottleneck in the field: the need for precise, fast, and automated targeting of cortical structures. Laine’s major contributions include the design and validation of a hybrid system that integrates electronic coil arrays with robotic manipulation, enabling both rapid electronic steering of the stimulation field and physical repositioning of the coil array to expand the accessible cortical area. His most cited work (2024, 20 citations) demonstrates how this platform achieves autonomous and accurate TMS targeting, significantly improving safety and efficacy. Further studies (2025, 6 and 5 citations) characterize the system’s speed and precision, while his exploration of Bayesian optimization for targeting (2025, 3 citations) introduces a data-driven approach to direct stimulation toward relevant neural pathways, enhancing dual-site TMS protocols. With a growing citation record, Laine’s innovations are paving the way for more sophisticated, automated brain stimulation therapies, making him a key figure in translational neuroscience and neuroengineering.