Operative Time Learning Curve for an Image-Free Robotic Arm Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Cumulative Sum Analysis

Abstract

Background: Robotic arm assisted total knee arthroplasty (RA-TKA) aims to improve accuracy in bone resection, implant positioning, and joint alignment compared to manual TKA (M-TKA). However, the learning curve of RA-TKA can disrupt operating room efficiency, increase complications, and raise costs. This study examines the operative time learning curve of RA-TKA using a single robotic system. Methods: The study analyzed the first 80 RA-TKA and the last 80 M-TKA cases performed by a single surgeon using the VELYS robotic system after transitioning from M-TKA. Cases were subdivided into groups of 20 and compared to M-TKA cases. A cumulative summation analysis identified the learning curve phases. Results: = .06). Conclusions: RA-TKA is an enabling surgical tool that can be integrated efficiently into a surgical workflow with a rapid learning curve of 9 cases.