Feasibility Study on Stability of Gait Patterns with Changeable Body Stiffness Using Pneumatic Actuators in a Quadruped Robot

Abstract

An oscillator-type gait controller for a quadruped robot with antagonistic pairs of pneumatic actuators is proposed. By using the controller, a feasibility study on the stability of gait patterns with changeable body stiffness is reported. The periodic motions of the legs are generated and controlled by an oscillator network with state resetting. This type of controller has robustness in its gaits against variation in walking conditions or changes of environment. However, it sometimes loses robustness under conditions of actuation delay, decrease of actuator accuracy, etc. We investigated whether an oscillator-type controller with phase resetting is also effective under such conditions. The stability of locomotion also strongly depends on the mechanical properties of the body mechanism, especially the joint stiffness. In this report, the muscle tone of the robot on the pitching motion at the trunk is changeable by using the changeable elasticity of the pneumatic actuators. The stability of quadruped locomotion in walk and trot patterns with changeable body stiffness was evaluated with numerical simulations and hardware experiments.