Efficient processing of large 3D point clouds

Abstract

Autonomous robots equipped with laser scanners acquire data at an increasingly high rate. Registration, data abstraction and visualization of this data requires the processing of a massive amount of 3D data. The increasing sampling rates make it easy to acquire Billions of spatial data points. This paper presents algorithms and data structures for handling this data. We propose an efficient octree to store and compress 3D data without loss of precision. We demonstrate its usage for fast 3D scan matching and shape detection algorithms. We evaluate our approach using typical data acquired by mobile scanning platforms.