Innovations in implantation techniques of ventricular assist devices

摘要

Central MessageThe third generation of ventricular assist devices has led to the development of multiple new implantation techniques. However, novel technologies are needed to further advance the field of mechanical circulatory support devices.See Commentaries on pages 33 and 35.Innovation is defined as the production, adoption, or integration of a value-added novelty.1Schumpeter J.A. Opie R. Elliott J.E. The Theory of Economic Development: An Inquiry into Profits, Capital, Credit, Interest, and the Business Cycle. Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick, NJ1983Google Scholar The most common definitions of innovations describe 4 subtypes in which innovations can be categorized: (1) basic research, (2) breakthrough innovation, (3) sustaining innovation, and (4) disruptive innovation.1Schumpeter J.A. Opie R. Elliott J.E. The Theory of Economic Development: An Inquiry into Profits, Capital, Credit, Interest, and the Business Cycle. Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick, NJ1983Google Scholar,2Henderson R.M. Clark K.B. Architectural innovation: the reconfiguration of existing product technologies and the failure of established firms.Adm Sci Q. 1990; 35: 9-30Crossref Google ScholarTechnological and surgical innovations are greatly interdependent, and some medical specialties, such as mechanical circulatory support (MCS) systems, are especially technology-driven. Habitually innovative developments, such as the miniaturization of devices, lead to the establishment of new implantation strategies. Contrarily, the constant longing of physicians for solutions for surgical or clinical challenges and patients' preferences drive engineers to adapt and reinvent technological devices.A breakthrough innovation in the development of MCS was the shift from pulsatile-flow to continuous-flow pumps, which facilitated the miniaturization of ventricular assist devices (VADs).3Hanke J.S. of the Google Scholar the of devices to the new generation of devices has the of the implantation and has facilitated implantation as a sustaining J.S. of the Google of a as a ventricular assist a Google ventricular assist Google of a for a ventricular assist the clinical Google Scholar The of technological devices, implantation and greatly to the of the new generation of and in the for a in Google innovative as as surgical for implantation and the the most for implantation was a a for the techniques. has the most in and has the a in Google Scholar However, the of the the of the the miniaturization of the development of J.S. of the Google of a for a ventricular assist the clinical Google for implantation of Google of a surgical for implantation of ventricular assist devices in on Google of ventricular assist implantation on of (3) Google most a of a and a the the J.S. of the Google of a as a ventricular assist a Google ventricular assist Google of a for a ventricular assist the clinical Google Scholar is the of and a J.S. of the Google for implantation of Google ventricular assist implantation Google Scholar and of implantation are in and of ventricular assist to in and for and on in a new of implantation is the of the from the in to and of Scholar in the such as the innovative implantation J.S. of the Google of a as a ventricular assist a Google ventricular assist Google Scholar is the most and the the of the in ventricular assist Google patients' for multiple implantation is failure and of of and especially in is to be a in and to in J.S. of the Google of a for a ventricular assist the clinical Google for implantation of Google of ventricular assist implantation on of (3) Google of for the implantation of a ventricular assist Google ventricular assist implantation ventricular Google Scholar is are for implantation to the of implantation and for the of the is to the J.S. of the Google Scholar has the most and in However, in for are for are the and of the or of the and and surgical J.S. of the Google J.S. ventricular assist implantation to the Google J.A. implantation of