<title>Telerobotics surgery in a transatlantic experiment: application in laparoscopy</title>

摘要

This paper describes the significance in human, scientific, and technical terms of the first experiment of robotic telesurgery effected between the Telerobotics Laboratory of the Politecnico di Milano and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, NASA, in Pasadena California, on 7 July 1993. An Italian surgeon controlled from the U.S. A. an Italian robot in the Telerobotics Laboratory in such a way that the robot performed a biopsy, on a model containing the organs of a pig, carrying out an aspiration of organic material and two incisions for the commencement of the surgical operation of laparoscopy. Transmission was effected by means of a double satellite link with three stations -- one in Italy, one in New York and one in Pasadena -- and two geostationary satellites, the first over the Atlantic and the second over the United States.