Robot-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy <sup/>

摘要

Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) is a viable option for patients and surgeons who desire a minimally invasive alternative for the performance of nephron-sparing surgery (NSS). NSS has become the norm for the management of small renal masses. Numerous series have shown favorable outcomes for RAPN. RAPN has a shortened learning curve and eases the transition to minimally invasive NSS. We describe the indications, preparation, instrumentation, setup, technique, and complications for transperitoneal RAPN using a two- or three-arm approach. We also suggest strategies and tips so that surgeons early in the learning curve can effectively anticipate, avoid, and, if inevitable, manage complications.