Robot locomotion

Related papers: 20

About

Robot locomotion refers to the methods and mechanisms by which robots generate and control movement through their environment. Drawing from biological inspiration and engineering principles, it encompasses a vast range of motion strategies—including legged walking and running, snake-like serpentine crawling, swimming, climbing, and soft-body actuation—each suited to different terrains and tasks. In robotics and AI, locomotion research focuses on designing physical hardware (such as compliant limbs, elastic joints, or flexible bodies) alongside control algorithms that coordinate movement effectively. Approaches range from passive-dynamic walkers that exploit gravity and mechanics without motors, to sophisticated model-predictive controllers governing quadrupeds like the MIT Cheetah, to biologically inspired central pattern generators that produce rhythmic gaits. Soft robots mimic creatures like caterpillars, inchworms, and fish to navigate constrained or delicate environments rigid robots cannot. Locomotion is foundational because mobility unlocks a robot's ability to operate in complex, real-world settings—search-and-rescue, inspection, exploration, and assistive applications. Advances in efficient, robust, and adaptable locomotion directly expand where and how robots can be deployed autonomously.

Top Cited Papers

Efficient Bipedal Robots Based on Passive-Dynamic Walkers

Steven H. Collins, Andy Ruina, Russ Tedrake, Martijn Wisse

Citations: 1878 • 2005

Feedback Control of Dynamic Bipedal Robot Locomotion

E. R. Westervelt, Jessy W. Grizzle, Christine Chevallereau, Jun Ho Choi, Benjamin Morris

Citations: 1093 • 2010

Autonomous Soft Robotic Fish Capable of Escape Maneuvers Using Fluidic Elastomer Actuators

Andrew D. Marchese, Çağdaş D. Önal, Daniela Rus

Citations: 915 • 2014

Dynamic Locomotion in the MIT Cheetah 3 Through Convex Model-Predictive Control

Jared Di Carlo, Patrick M. Wensing, Benjamin Katz, Gerardo Bledt, Sangbae Kim

Citations: 717 • 2018

MIT Cheetah 3: Design and Control of a Robust, Dynamic Quadruped Robot

Gerardo Bledt, Matthew J. Powell, Benjamin Katz, Jared Di Carlo, Patrick M. Wensing, Sangbae Kim

Citations: 709 • 2018

GoQBot: a caterpillar-inspired soft-bodied rolling robot

Huai-Ti Lin, Gary G. Leisk, Barry A. Trimmer

Citations: 682 • 2011

Virtual Model Control: An Intuitive Approach for Bipedal Locomotion

Jerry Pratt, Chee–Meng Chew, Ann L. Torres, P. Dilworth, Gill A. Pratt

Citations: 550 • 2001

Mini Cheetah: A Platform for Pushing the Limits of Dynamic Quadruped Control

Benjamin Katz, Jared Di Carlo, Sangbae Kim

Citations: 540 • 2019

Design principles for highly efficient quadrupeds and implementation on the MIT Cheetah robot

Sangok Seok, Albert Wang, Meng Yee Chuah, David M. Otten, Jeffrey H. Lang, Sangbae Kim

Citations: 433 • 2013

Biologically inspired climbing with a hexapedal robot

Matthew Spenko, G. Clark Haynes, J. A. Saunders, Mark R. Cutkosky, A.A. Rizzi, Robert J. Full, D. E. Koditschek

Citations: 425 • 2008

Towards dynamic trot gait locomotion: Design, control, and experiments with Cheetah-cub, a compliant quadruped robot

Alexander Badri–Spröwitz, Alexandre Tuleu, Massimo Vespignani, Mostafa Ajallooeian, Emilie Badri, Auke Jan Ijspeert

Citations: 421 • 2013

Three Uses for Springs in Legged Locomotion

R. McN. Alexander

Citations: 406 • 1990

The kinematics of hyper-redundant robot locomotion

Gregory S. Chirikjian, Joel W. Burdick

Citations: 398 • 1995

Serpentine locomotion with robotic snakes

Misa Sato, Masashi Fukaya, Tetsuya Iwasaki

Citations: 394 • 2002

AmphiBot I: an amphibious snake-like robot

Alessandro Crespi, André Badertscher, André Guignard, Auke Jan Ijspeert

Citations: 333 • 2004

Online Optimization of Swimming and Crawling in an Amphibious Snake Robot

Alessandro Crespi, Auke Jan Ijspeert

Citations: 331 • 2008

Snake-like robots [Tutorial]

Shigeo Hirose, Hiroya Yamada

Citations: 308 • 2009

Biomimetic Locomotion of Electrically Powered “Janus” Soft Robots Using a Liquid Crystal Polymer

Yao‐Yu Xiao, Zhi‐Chao Jiang, Xia Tong, Yue Zhao

Citations: 294 • 2019

Discrete Control Barrier Functions for Safety-Critical Control of Discrete Systems with Application to Bipedal Robot Navigation

Ayush Agrawal, Koushil Sreenath

Citations: 288 • 2017

Design and Locomotion Control of a Biomimetic Underwater Vehicle With Fin Propulsion

Chunlin Zhou, K. H. Low

Citations: 284 • 2011