Embedded system
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An embedded system is a dedicated computing platform integrated directly into a larger device or machine to perform specific control, sensing, or processing tasks in real time. Unlike general-purpose computers, embedded systems combine processors, memory, and programmable logic — such as microcontrollers or FPGAs — with the physical hardware they govern, operating under strict constraints on power, size, and latency. In robotics and AI, embedded systems serve as the computational backbone of autonomous robots, drones, exoskeletons, wearable sensors, and soft robotic devices, executing everything from low-level motor control and sensor fusion to onboard neural network inference. They enable robots to perceive their environment, make decisions, and act — all without relying on remote computing infrastructure. This matters because real-world robotic applications demand fast, reliable, and energy-efficient computation at the point of action. As robots become smaller, more autonomous, and more physically integrated with humans, well-designed embedded systems are essential for bridging intelligent algorithms with the physical world.
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