Computer Assisted Orthopedic Surgery in TKA

Abstract

develop the ROBODOC (Integrated Surgical Systems, Davis, CA) system. As a resultant, Integrated Surgical Systems (ISS) was founded by IBM in 1990, and subsequently, the first robot-assisted THA was performed on a human in 1992 in California using the ROBODOC system, which was later approved by the European Union in 1994. In 1997, Saragaglia developed a navigation system called Orthopilot (Aesculap, Tuttlingen, Germany), which allows surgeons to perform surgery without any other imaging technique. These Computer-assisted Orthopedic Surgery (CAOS) techniques were developed to minimize errors due to malalignment and inappropriate prosthesis insertion. The navigation system produced good results clinically and radiologically, but other factors, such as, the subtle movements of cutting blocks and the vibration of oscillating saws were then focused on as potential causes of inaccurate bone cutting, and these efforts resulted in the developments of robot systems. The ROBODOC and CASPAR systems were introduced almost simultaneously in Germany in 2000, and used to conduct the first robotic TKA in the same year. In 2007, ISS was purchased by the South Korean company Curexo, and in 2008 the FDA approved ROBODOC for THA. However, the FDA has not yet to approve ROBODOC for TKA. Nevertheless, 10 institutions in South Korea and 60 institutions worldwide use the ROBODOC system for TKA.