A Human-Robot Interaction in Education: A Systematic Review of Furhat Robots Role in Student Learning

Abstract

Using robotics in teaching has impacted pedagogy remarkably, with Furhat Robot being a potential aid for increasing student interaction and academic achievement. This research compares Furhat's influence with NAO Robot, which has taken over the spotlight because of its wide-ranging movement ability. Compared to NAO, Furhat's interactive AI and advanced speech processing render it ideal for language-based learning and social interaction, especially in higher education environments. A bibliometric analysis of robotics research during 2020-2024 reported variations in publication, with 2021 recording the maximum output (122,000) and 2023 recording the minimum (51,000). The study assessed Furhat's performance in three dimensions: role perception, psychological motivation, and trust building. Experimental findings at Sohar University reported a 27% improvement in student performance and better consistency in response. However, speech monotony, contextual limitations, and lack of visual cues were reported as limitations. While Furhat shows immense potential as a learning aid, its success depends on clearly defining roles, flexibility, and AI upgrades. Future research needs to be focused on improving interactivity, speech dynamics, and conversational AI to offer a more interactive and intelligent robotic learning experience in learning environments.