Defects Formation during Friction Stir Welding: A Review

Abstract

Friction stir welding (FSW) is an advanced solid state joining process for joining Aluminum, Magnesium alloys. In the recent years, it is gaining enormous applications in shipbuilding, aerospace, automotive, railway rolling stock, robotics, and personal computers etc. In this review article, authors are focused on the formation of different defects during friction stir welding. The defects were influence the quality of the weldment and also affect the micro structural and mechanical properties. The defects can be overcome by optimizing the process parameters along with suitable tool geometry. In particular, various difficulties and defects observed during dissimilar welding of the Al-Cu and Al-Steel are addressed.