A robotic device for minimally invasive breast interventions with real-time MRI guidance

Abstract

We have developed a device to perform minimally invasive interventions in the breast with realtime MRI guidance for the early detection and treatment of breast cancer. The device uses five computer-controlled degrees of freedom to perform minimally invasive interventions inside a closed MRI scanner. Typically the intervention would consist of a biopsy of the suspicious lesion for diagnosis, but may involve therapies to destroy or remove malignant tissue in the breast. The procedure proceeds with: (a) conditioning of the breast along a prescribed orientation, (b) definition of an insertion vector by its height and pitch angle, and (c) insertion into the breast. The entire device is made of materials compatible with MRI, avoiding artifacts and distortion of the local magnetic field. The device is remotely controlled via a graphical user interface. This is the first surgical robotic device to perform real-time MRI-guided breast interventions in the United States.