A Consolidated Framework for Implementing Robotic Process Automation Projects

Abstract

Robotic process automation (RPA) is a disruptive technology to automate already digital yet manual tasks and subprocesses as well as whole business processes. In contrast to other process automation technologies, RPA only accesses the presentation layer of IT systems and imitates human behavior. Due to the novelty of this approach and the varying approaches when implementing the technology, up to 50% of RPA projects fail. To tackle this issue, we use a design science research approach to develop a framework for the initiation of RPA projects. We analyzed a total of 23 case studies of RPA implementation projects to derive a preliminary sequential model. We then used expert interviews to validate and refine the model. The result is a consolidated framework with variable stages, that offers guidelines with enough flexibility to be applicable in complex and heterogeneous corporate environments. We conclude the paper with a discussion and an outlook on research opportunities on adapting and scaling RPA technology in projects.