Confusions Among Visually Perceived Consonants

Abstract

No AccessJournal of Speech and Hearing ResearchResearch Article1 Dec 1968Confusions Among Visually Perceived Consonants Cletus G. Fisher Cletus G. Fisher University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa Google Scholar https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.1104.796 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In Eighteen college students with normal hearing responded to the visual perception of initial and final consonants in an English-like phonetic environment in a test of the homopheny of consonant sounds of English. The Multiple-choice Intelligibility Test provided stimulus items but special response sheets were provided to allow each subject a possible response of any consonant judged homotypical or homorganic to the stimulus item. Correct answers as possible responses were deleted to provide a usable number of confusions. Subjects were not aware of the deletion of correct responses even after the task was completed. Resulting confusion matrices were analyzed for significant confusions among consonants; these confusions were grouped into mutually exclusive classes termed visemes. The results tend to support previously published linguistic groupings of homophenous sounds rather than the classical listing from the developers of speechreading methodology. Variations from the former are explained in terms of the addition of minimal phonetic redundancy. Additional Resources FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited by Brain and Language235 (105196)1 Dec 2022The timing of visual speech modulates auditory neural processingMarc Sato Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies6:3 (1-26)6 Sep 2022MuteItTanmay Srivastava, Prerna Khanna, Shijia Pan, Phuc Nguyen and Shubham Jain CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology17 Aug 2022Developing phoneme‐based lip‐reading sentences system for silent speech recognitionRanda El‐Bialy, Daqing Chen, Souheil Fenghour, Walid Hussein, Perry Xiao, Omar H. Karam and Bo Li Nergis Pervan Akman, Talya Tumer Sivri, Ali Berkol and Hamit Erdem (2022) Lip Reading Multiclass Classification by Using Dilated CNN with Turkish Dataset 2022 International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy Technologies (ICECET)10.1109/ICECET55527.2022.9873011978-1-6654-7087-2 Egyptian Informatics Journal1 Jul 2022Read my lips: Artificial intelligence word-level arabic lipreading systemWaleed Dweik, Sundus Altorman and Safa Ashour Cortex152 (21-35)1 Jul 2022Motor and visual influences on auditory neural processing during speaking and listeningMarc Sato American Journal of Audiology31:2 (453-469)2 Jun 2022Lipreading: A Review of Its Continuing Importance for Speech Recognition With an Acquired Hearing Loss and Possibilities for Effective TrainingLynne E. Bernstein, Nicole Jordan, Edward T. Auer and Silvio P. Eberhardt International Journal of Cognitive Computing in Engineering3 (24-30)1 Jun 2022Deep learning based assistive technology on audio visual speech recognition for hearing impairedL Ashok Kumar, D Karthika Renuka, S Lovelyn Rose, M C Shunmuga priya and I Made Wartana Proceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques5:1 (1-15)4 May 2022Joint Audio-Text Model for Expressive Speech-Driven 3D Facial AnimationYingruo Fan, Zhaojiang Lin, Jun Saito, Wenping Wang and Taku Komura NeuroImage252 (119044)1 May 2022Masking of the mouth area impairs reconstruction of acoustic speech features and higher-level segmentational features in the presence of a distractor speakerChandra Leon Haider, Nina Suess, Anne Hauswald, Hyojin Park and Nathan Weisz Psychonomic Bulletin & Review29:2 (600-612)1 Apr 2022The role of iconic gestures and mouth movements in face-to-face communicationAnna Krason, Rebecca Fenton, Rosemary Varley and Gabriella Vigliocco IEEE Internet of Things Journal9:7 (5357-5367)RealPRNet: A Real-Time Phoneme-Recognized Network for "Believable" Speech AnimationZixiao Yu, Haohong Wang and Jian Ren American Journal of Audiology31:1 (5