Small-Signal Stability Manifolds in Converter-Dominated Power Systems

Abstract

This paper proposes a systematic framework to assess the small-signal stability of power systems with high shares of grid-following inverter-based resources (IBRs) under varying controller parameters and operating conditions. Stability manifolds are introduced to identify controller-parameter regions that ensure stability across multiple scenarios. Full-network linearization and eigenvalue analysis are combined with adaptive sampling based on probabilistic support vector machine classification to approximate stability boundaries efficiently, while surrogate optimization identifies feasible initial controller settings meeting bandwidth and phase-margin constraints. The approach is validated on a modified Cigré European HV network benchmark with 50 operating scenarios and increasing inverter penetration. Results show that stability sensitivity grows with inverter share, interactions among IBRs reshape admissible parameter regions, and simplified equivalent-network models may overlook critical system-level limitations. The framework supports stability-oriented controller design and interconnection studies in converter-dominated systems.