Field-programmable gate array
Related papers: 20
About
A field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is a reconfigurable integrated circuit containing an array of programmable logic blocks and interconnects that can be configured after manufacturing to implement virtually any digital circuit. Unlike fixed-function processors, FPGAs allow engineers to define custom hardware architectures tailored to specific computational tasks, enabling massively parallel execution at low power consumption. In robotics and AI, FPGAs serve as versatile accelerators for computationally demanding workloads. They are widely deployed for real-time inference of convolutional neural networks and spiking neural networks, sensor fusion and SLAM processing, motion control, fuzzy logic controllers, haptic feedback systems, and image feature extraction. Their reconfigurability also makes them attractive for evolvable hardware research, where circuit designs can be adapted through evolutionary algorithms. FPGAs matter because they bridge the gap between the flexibility of software and the performance of dedicated hardware. They deliver low-latency, deterministic computation with significantly better energy efficiency than general-purpose CPUs or GPUs, making them especially valuable for embedded robotic systems, edge AI applications, and safety-critical real-time control where predictable timing and power constraints are paramount.
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