The Future of Work in Agriculture - Some Reflections

摘要

As countries develop (and food
\n saturation takes hold), agriculture's role as domestic
\n employer declines. But the broader agri-food system also
\n expands, and the scope for agriculture-related job creation
\n shifts beyond the farm. Historically, technological
\n revolutions have shaped and been shaped by these dynamics.
\n Today, a digital revolution is taking hold, affecting
\n agricultural labor and skill demands. In this process,
\n societies evolve from having a surplus to a shortage of
\n domestic farm labor, typically met largely by foreign
\n agricultural wage workers. Yet, anti-immigration sentiments
\n are flying high in migrant-destination countries, and robots
\n in the fields and packing plants offer an alternative.
\n Agricultural trade may be similarly challenged. In the
\n world's poorest countries, particularly in Africa,
\n labor productivity in agriculture remains at historically
\n low levels. So, what can the role of agriculture as a source
\n of employment be in the future? This viewpoint elaborates on
\n these trends and reviews several policy options, including
\n inclusive value chain development, better immigration
\n policies, social insurance schemes, and ramp up in
\n agricultural education and extension.