Role of Nanorobots and their Medical Applications

摘要

Nanorobotics is the technology of creating robots at nanoscale. Specifically, nanorobotics refers to the hypothetical nanotechnology engineering discipline of designing and building nanorobots, devices ranging in size from 0.1-10 micrometers and constructed of molecular components. On this concept of artificial non-biological nanorobots, many research centers are performing the research activities. The names nanobots, nanoids, nanites or nanomites have also been used to describe these hypothetical devices. They are applied in advanced medical applications like diagnosis and treatment of diabetes, early detection and treatment of cancer, cellular nonosurgery and genetherapy. A few generations from now someone diagnosed with cancer might be offered a new alternative to chemotherapy. A doctor practicing nanomedicine of chemotherapy would offer the patient an injection of a special type of nanorobot that would seek out cancer cells and destroy them, dispelling the disease at the source, leaving healthy cells untouched unlike the traditional treatment of radiation that kills not only cancer cells but also healthy human cells. Radiation treatment may also cause hair loss, fatigue, nausea, depression, and a host of other symptoms. Thus in nanorobotics, the extent of the hardship to the patient would essentially be a prick to the arm. A person undergoing a nanorobotic treatment could expect to have no awareness of the molecular devices working inside them, other than rapid betterment of their health. A major advantage that nanorobots provide is durability, as they could last for years. The operation time would also be much lower because their displacements are smaller. Hence reduced material costs, accessibility to previously unreachable areas are the motivating factors. Thus our review explains that the designing and testing of primitive devices and their potential applications promise rich benefits for patients, medical personal, engineers, and scientists.